See hetman on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ukraine",
"orig": "en:Ukraine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hetmanate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hetmanship"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pl",
"3": "hetman"
},
"expansion": "Polish hetman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "houbetman",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle High German houbetman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "goh",
"3": "houbitman"
},
"expansion": "Old High German houbitman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*haubidamann"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *haubidamann",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head man"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of head man",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Polish hetman, probably from Middle High German houbetman, heuptman (“commander”), from Old High German houbitman, from Proto-West Germanic *haubidamann. Compare modern German Hauptmann (“captain”), Haupt, Mann. The Polish e in hetman attests to a borrowing from an East Central German dialect, in which Middle High German -öu- gives -ē-. Doublet of head man.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hetmans",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "hetmen"
},
"expansion": "hetman (plural hetmans or hetmen)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ataman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hegumen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "History",
"orig": "en:History",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "59 41",
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"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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{
"_dis": "28 12 15 13 20 13",
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"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
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},
{
"_dis": "28 10 14 15 19 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 36",
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"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "70 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "History of Ukraine",
"orig": "en:History of Ukraine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Leaders",
"orig": "en:Leaders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Cossack headman or general."
],
"id": "en-hetman-en-noun-twa-9CeV",
"links": [
[
"history",
"history"
],
[
"Cossack",
"Cossack"
],
[
"headman",
"headman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(history) A Cossack headman or general."
],
"topics": [
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Lithuania",
"orig": "en:Lithuania",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Monarchy",
"orig": "en:Monarchy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Poland",
"orig": "en:Poland",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Title used by the second-highest military commander in Poland and Lithuania (15th to 18th century)."
],
"id": "en-hetman-en-noun-Qysbf2qP",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"roman": "hətaman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
],
"word": "حطمان"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "getman"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "hjétman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ге́тман"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "hétman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хе́тман"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "gàitèmàn",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "蓋特曼 /盖特曼"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hejtman"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "hetmani"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "heṭmani",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "ჰეტმანი"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hetman"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "chetmános",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "χετμάνος"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "etmano"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "hetoman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "ヘトマン"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "heteuman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "헤트만"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "etmonas"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "hétman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хе́тман"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hétmã"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hétmane"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hatman"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "gétman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ге́тман"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "хетман"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"masculine"
],
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "hetman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "هطمان"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hétʹman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ге́тьман"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "getman"
}
]
}
],
"word": "hetman"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "hetmans",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "hetman m (plural hetmans)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hetman"
],
"id": "en-hetman-fr-noun-voqOCT1~",
"links": [
[
"hetman",
"hetman#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "hetman"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:hetman<ety:bor<gmh:houbetman // heuptman <ety:inh<goh:houbitman>>>>",
"text": "*",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-\nProto-Indo-European *káput\nProto-Germanic *haubudąder.\nProto-Germanic *haubidą\nProto-West Germanic *haubidder.\nProto-West Germanic *haubida-\nProto-Indo-European *mon-\nProto-Germanic *mann-\nProto-West Germanic *mann\nProto-West Germanic *haubidamann\nOld High German houbitman\nMiddle High German houbetman / heuptmanbor.\nOld Polish hetman\nPolish hetman\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"head\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"head\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"seize\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kap-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kap-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*káput\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubudą\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubidą\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubid\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubida-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*mon-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*mann-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*mann\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubidamann\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old High German\", \"term\" : \"houbitman\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"goh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"houbetman \\/\\/ heuptman\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"hetman\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"hetman\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"hetman\">\nInherited from Old Polish hetman, borrowed from Middle High German houbetman / heuptman, from Old High German houbitman.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-\nProto-Indo-European *káput\nProto-Germanic *haubudąder.\nProto-Germanic *haubidą\nProto-West Germanic *haubidder.\nProto-West Germanic *haubida-\nProto-Indo-European *mon-\nProto-Germanic *mann-\nProto-West Germanic *mann\nProto-West Germanic *haubidamann\nOld High German houbitman\nMiddle High German houbetman / heuptmanbor.\nOld Polish hetman\nPolish hetman\nInherited from Old Polish hetman, borrowed from Middle High German houbetman / heuptman, from Old High German houbitman. The e in hetman attests to a borrowing from an East Central German dialect, in which Middle High German -öu- gives -ē-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hetman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "hetman m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"het‧man"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"het‧man"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "pl:Chess",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "90 0 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "pl:Chess",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 25 26 32",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Leaders",
"orig": "pl:Leaders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 21 30 18",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 29 35 23",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Military ranks",
"orig": "pl:Military ranks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"queen (chess piece)"
],
"id": "en-hetman-pl-noun-7DWUgKtq",
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"queen",
"queen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) queen (chess piece)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dama"
},
{
"word": "królowa"
},
{
"word": "królówka"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɛt.man/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɛt.mɒn/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtman"
}
],
"word": "hetman"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "hetmanowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "hetmański"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetman koszowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetman polny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetman sahajdaczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetman wielki"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetmanic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetmanowa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetmanowicz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetmanówna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetmańczuk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetmaństwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetmańszczyzna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "hetmanić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zahetmanić"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "hjétman",
"word": "ге́тман"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "hétman",
"word": "хе́тман"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Hetman"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "hétmã"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "hétmane"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "hatman"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "hétʹman",
"word": "ге́тьман"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "getman"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "gétman",
"word": "ге́тман"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "hetman"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:hetman<ety:bor<gmh:houbetman // heuptman <ety:inh<goh:houbitman>>>>",
"text": "*",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-\nProto-Indo-European *káput\nProto-Germanic *haubudąder.\nProto-Germanic *haubidą\nProto-West Germanic *haubidder.\nProto-West Germanic *haubida-\nProto-Indo-European *mon-\nProto-Germanic *mann-\nProto-West Germanic *mann\nProto-West Germanic *haubidamann\nOld High German houbitman\nMiddle High German houbetman / heuptmanbor.\nOld Polish hetman\nPolish hetman\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"head\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"head\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"seize\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kap-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kap-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*káput\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubudą\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubidą\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubid\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubida-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*mon-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*mann-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*mann\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubidamann\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old High German\", \"term\" : \"houbitman\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"goh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"houbetman \\/\\/ heuptman\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"hetman\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"hetman\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"hetman\">\nInherited from Old Polish hetman, borrowed from Middle High German houbetman / heuptman, from Old High German houbitman.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-\nProto-Indo-European *káput\nProto-Germanic *haubudąder.\nProto-Germanic *haubidą\nProto-West Germanic *haubidder.\nProto-West Germanic *haubida-\nProto-Indo-European *mon-\nProto-Germanic *mann-\nProto-West Germanic *mann\nProto-West Germanic *haubidamann\nOld High German houbitman\nMiddle High German houbetman / heuptmanbor.\nOld Polish hetman\nPolish hetman\nInherited from Old Polish hetman, borrowed from Middle High German houbetman / heuptman, from Old High German houbitman. The e in hetman attests to a borrowing from an East Central German dialect, in which Middle High German -öu- gives -ē-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hetman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "hetman m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"het‧man"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"het‧man"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "pl:Military",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 25 26 32",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Leaders",
"orig": "pl:Leaders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 21 30 18",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 29 35 23",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Military ranks",
"orig": "pl:Military ranks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Cossack military commander"
],
"id": "en-hetman-pl-noun-8XAuI2MM",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"Cossack",
"Cossack"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, military) Cossack military commander"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "pl:Military",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 62 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 18 38 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 18 36 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 18 36 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 84 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 84 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 85 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 7 76 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 1 91 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 85 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 84 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 82 7",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "History of Poland",
"orig": "pl:History of Poland",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 25 26 32",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Leaders",
"orig": "pl:Leaders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 21 30 18",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 29 35 23",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Military ranks",
"orig": "pl:Military ranks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"title used by the senior military commanders in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (15th to 18th century)"
],
"id": "en-hetman-pl-noun-5r-7fCy~",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth",
"Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, military) title used by the senior military commanders in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (15th to 18th century)"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "pl:Military",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 25 26 32",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Leaders",
"orig": "pl:Leaders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 21 30 18",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 29 35 23",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Military ranks",
"orig": "pl:Military ranks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"any sort of military leader"
],
"id": "en-hetman-pl-noun-dcoIFz1r",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish, military) any sort of military leader"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɛt.man/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɛt.mɒn/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtman"
}
],
"word": "hetman"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpi",
"2": "en",
"3": "head"
},
"expansion": "English head",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly English head + man.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpi",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "hetman",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tok Pisin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chief; leader"
],
"id": "en-hetman-tpi-noun-RoolziK8",
"links": [
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
]
}
],
"word": "hetman"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Middle High German",
"English terms derived from Old High German",
"English terms derived from Polish",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for audio pronunciation in English entries",
"Requests for pronunciation in English entries",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"en:History of Ukraine",
"en:Leaders",
"en:Lithuania",
"en:Monarchy",
"en:Poland",
"en:Ukraine"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hetmanate"
},
{
"word": "hetmanship"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pl",
"3": "hetman"
},
"expansion": "Polish hetman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "houbetman",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle High German houbetman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "goh",
"3": "houbitman"
},
"expansion": "Old High German houbitman",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*haubidamann"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *haubidamann",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "head man"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of head man",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Polish hetman, probably from Middle High German houbetman, heuptman (“commander”), from Old High German houbitman, from Proto-West Germanic *haubidamann. Compare modern German Hauptmann (“captain”), Haupt, Mann. The Polish e in hetman attests to a borrowing from an East Central German dialect, in which Middle High German -öu- gives -ē-. Doublet of head man.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hetmans",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "hetmen"
},
"expansion": "hetman (plural hetmans or hetmen)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "ataman"
},
{
"word": "hegumen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:History"
],
"glosses": [
"A Cossack headman or general."
],
"links": [
[
"history",
"history"
],
[
"Cossack",
"Cossack"
],
[
"headman",
"headman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(history) A Cossack headman or general."
],
"topics": [
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Title used by the second-highest military commander in Poland and Lithuania (15th to 18th century)."
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"roman": "hətaman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
],
"word": "حطمان"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "getman"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "hjétman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ге́тман"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "hétman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хе́тман"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "gàitèmàn",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "蓋特曼 /盖特曼"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hejtman"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "hetmani"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "heṭmani",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "ჰეტმანი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hetman"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "chetmános",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "χετμάνος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "etmano"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "hetoman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "ヘトマン"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "heteuman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "헤트만"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "etmonas"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "hétman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хе́тман"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hétmã"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hétmane"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hatman"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "gétman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ге́тман"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "хетман"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"masculine"
],
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "hetman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "هطمان"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "hétʹman",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ге́тьман"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"sense": "a historical military commander in various Eastern European countries",
"word": "getman"
}
],
"word": "hetman"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "hetmans",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "hetman m (plural hetmans)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"hetman"
],
"links": [
[
"hetman",
"hetman#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "hetman"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from substrate languages",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap- (head)",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap- (seize)",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mon-",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛtman",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛtman/2 syllables",
"pl:Chess",
"pl:History of Poland",
"pl:Leaders",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Military ranks"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:hetman<ety:bor<gmh:houbetman // heuptman <ety:inh<goh:houbitman>>>>",
"text": "*",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-\nProto-Indo-European *káput\nProto-Germanic *haubudąder.\nProto-Germanic *haubidą\nProto-West Germanic *haubidder.\nProto-West Germanic *haubida-\nProto-Indo-European *mon-\nProto-Germanic *mann-\nProto-West Germanic *mann\nProto-West Germanic *haubidamann\nOld High German houbitman\nMiddle High German houbetman / heuptmanbor.\nOld Polish hetman\nPolish hetman\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"head\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"head\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"seize\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kap-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kap-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*káput\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubudą\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubidą\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubid\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubida-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*mon-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*mann-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*mann\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubidamann\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old High German\", \"term\" : \"houbitman\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"goh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"houbetman \\/\\/ heuptman\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"hetman\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"hetman\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"hetman\">\nInherited from Old Polish hetman, borrowed from Middle High German houbetman / heuptman, from Old High German houbitman.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-\nProto-Indo-European *káput\nProto-Germanic *haubudąder.\nProto-Germanic *haubidą\nProto-West Germanic *haubidder.\nProto-West Germanic *haubida-\nProto-Indo-European *mon-\nProto-Germanic *mann-\nProto-West Germanic *mann\nProto-West Germanic *haubidamann\nOld High German houbitman\nMiddle High German houbetman / heuptmanbor.\nOld Polish hetman\nPolish hetman\nInherited from Old Polish hetman, borrowed from Middle High German houbetman / heuptman, from Old High German houbitman. The e in hetman attests to a borrowing from an East Central German dialect, in which Middle High German -öu- gives -ē-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hetman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "hetman m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"het‧man"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"het‧man"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Chess"
],
"glosses": [
"queen (chess piece)"
],
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"queen",
"queen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) queen (chess piece)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dama"
},
{
"word": "królowa"
},
{
"word": "królówka"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɛt.man/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɛt.mɒn/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtman"
}
],
"word": "hetman"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from substrate languages",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap- (head)",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kap- (seize)",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mon-",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛtman",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛtman/2 syllables",
"pl:Chess",
"pl:History of Poland",
"pl:Leaders",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Military ranks"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "hetmanowy"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "hetmański"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetman koszowy"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetman polny"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetman sahajdaczny"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetman wielki"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetmanic"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetmanowa"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetmanowicz"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetmanówna"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetmańczuk"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetmaństwo"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "hetmańszczyzna"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "hetmanić"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zahetmanić"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "hjétman",
"word": "ге́тман"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "hétman",
"word": "хе́тман"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "hetman"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Hetman"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "hétmã"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "hétmane"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "hatman"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "hétʹman",
"word": "ге́тьман"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "getman"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "gétman",
"word": "ге́тман"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "hetman"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:hetman<ety:bor<gmh:houbetman // heuptman <ety:inh<goh:houbitman>>>>",
"text": "*",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-\nProto-Indo-European *káput\nProto-Germanic *haubudąder.\nProto-Germanic *haubidą\nProto-West Germanic *haubidder.\nProto-West Germanic *haubida-\nProto-Indo-European *mon-\nProto-Germanic *mann-\nProto-West Germanic *mann\nProto-West Germanic *haubidamann\nOld High German houbitman\nMiddle High German houbetman / heuptmanbor.\nOld Polish hetman\nPolish hetman\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"head\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"head\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"seize\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kap-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kap-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*káput\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubudą\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubidą\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubid\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubida-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*mon-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*mann-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*mann\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*haubidamann\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old High German\", \"term\" : \"houbitman\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"goh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"houbetman \\/\\/ heuptman\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"hetman\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"hetman\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"hetman\">\nInherited from Old Polish hetman, borrowed from Middle High German houbetman / heuptman, from Old High German houbitman.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstratebor.?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-?\nProto-Indo-European *kap-\nProto-Indo-European *káput\nProto-Germanic *haubudąder.\nProto-Germanic *haubidą\nProto-West Germanic *haubidder.\nProto-West Germanic *haubida-\nProto-Indo-European *mon-\nProto-Germanic *mann-\nProto-West Germanic *mann\nProto-West Germanic *haubidamann\nOld High German houbitman\nMiddle High German houbetman / heuptmanbor.\nOld Polish hetman\nPolish hetman\nInherited from Old Polish hetman, borrowed from Middle High German houbetman / heuptman, from Old High German houbitman. The e in hetman attests to a borrowing from an East Central German dialect, in which Middle High German -öu- gives -ē-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hetman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmany",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmanie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hetmani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "hetman m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"het‧man"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"het‧man"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with historical senses",
"pl:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"Cossack military commander"
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"Cossack",
"Cossack"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, military) Cossack military commander"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with historical senses",
"pl:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"title used by the senior military commanders in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (15th to 18th century)"
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth",
"Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, military) title used by the senior military commanders in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (15th to 18th century)"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"pl:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"any sort of military leader"
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish, military) any sort of military leader"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɛt.man/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɛt.mɒn/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtman"
}
],
"word": "hetman"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpi",
"2": "en",
"3": "head"
},
"expansion": "English head",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly English head + man.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpi",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "hetman",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tok Pisin entries with incorrect language header",
"Tok Pisin lemmas",
"Tok Pisin nouns",
"Tok Pisin terms derived from English"
],
"glosses": [
"chief; leader"
],
"links": [
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
]
}
],
"word": "hetman"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hetman meaning in All languages combined (29.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.